{"id":13859,"date":"2023-12-13T09:17:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-13T08:17:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr\/?p=13859"},"modified":"2023-12-13T11:05:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T10:05:19","slug":"soutenance-de-these-pedro-gomes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr\/en\/soutenance-de-these-pedro-gomes\/","title":{"rendered":"PhD Defence Pedro GOMES"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>La soutenance de th\u00e8se le 18\/12\/2023 \u00e0 14h, \u00e0 l\u2019Ecole d\u2019Ing\u00e9nieurs de Purpan (75 Voie du Toec, 31076 Toulouse), amphi 65&nbsp;<\/strong>(<strong>uniquement en pr\u00e9sentiel<\/strong>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le projet est fruit d\u2019un partenariat entre les \u00e9quipes toulousaines BLADE (Toulouse Biotechnology Institute-INSA Toulouse), l\u2019\u00e9quipe NGN (ToxAlim-INRAE) et le groupe industriel lillois Lesaffre International. Il s\u2019intitule&nbsp;: <strong>\u00ab&nbsp;Exploration du potentiel sant\u00e9 des souches de Lactococcus lactis productrices de GABA : vers de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies th\u00e9rapeutiques dans la gestion de l&#8217;hypersensibilit\u00e9 visc\u00e9rale&nbsp;\u00bb<\/strong>, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 en langue fran\u00e7aise (abstract \u00e0 la fin de ce message).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le jury sera compos\u00e9 par&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vincent JUILLARD (Rapporteur)&nbsp;: MICALYS-INRAE (Jouy-en-Josas)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mo\u00efse COEFFIER (Rapporteur)&nbsp;: Universit\u00e9 Rouen Normandie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Philippe LANGELLA (Examinateur)&nbsp;: MICALYS, INRAE (Jouy-en-Josas)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muriel MERCIER-BONIN (Examinatrice)&nbsp;: TOXALIM-INRAE (Toulouse)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sophie LEGRAIN-RASPAUD (Invit\u00e9e): Gnosis by Lesaffre (Marcq-en-Baroeul)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u00e9l\u00e8ne EUTAMENE (Directrice de th\u00e8se)&nbsp;: TOXALIM-INRAE (Toulouse)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muriel COCAIGN-BOUSQUET (Co-directrice de th\u00e8se)&nbsp;: TBI-INSA (Toulouse)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Abstract <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disabling chronic disease, recently classified under the new term &#8220;disorders of the gut-brain axis,&#8221; formerly known as &#8220;functional gastrointestinal disorders.&#8221; Clinically, according to the ROME IV criteria, IBS is characterized by heightened sensitivity and amplified pain perception in the gut, a phenomenon referred to as visceral hypersensitivity (VH), associated with bowel disturbances without identifiable organic causes. IBS symptoms have significant implications in terms of patient quality of life and costs, and they can trigger or exacerbate stress and anxiety. The pathophysiology of IBS remains poorly understood, and prescribed treatments are based on predominant symptoms and the severity of complaints. In this context, certain probiotic strains have the capacity to influence communication between the gut microbiota, the intestine, and the brain, thereby modulating visceral sensitivity through the release of specific neuromodulators produced by these bacteria. Among these modulators, \u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system that plays a key role in pain perception and relief in mammals. In several bacteria, an acid stress resistance system allows them to produce GABA after the decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid by the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). This system is notably observed in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) like\u00a0<em>Lactococcus lactis\u00a0<\/em>(<em>L. lactis<\/em>), widely used in the food industry for its generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. Although it has been observed that the commensal bacterium\u00a0<em>Bifidobacterium dentium<\/em>\u00a0is capable of reducing stress-induced VH in rats through GABA production, the ability of LAB to modulate visceral sensitivity via their capacity to produce GABA remains to be defined. Under identical culture conditions in a bioreactor, we characterized three strains of\u00a0<em>L. lactis\u00a0<\/em>with varying levels of GABA production (from low to high production) in relation to their GAD activity. We evaluated their abilities to reduce VH in response to acute stress in a rat model that mimics IBS symptoms. We qualified the\u00a0<em>L. lactis<\/em>\u00a0strain CNCM I-5388 as a hyperproducer of GABA compared to the reference strain NCDO2118 and we demonstrated that its antinociceptive properties become significant after only 5 days of oral treatment, compared to 10 days for NCDO2118. We also established that these properties, for both strains, are GAD\/GABA-dependent, acting on the host&#8217;s GABA<sub>B<\/sub>\u00a0receptors independently of changes in fecal microbiota alpha and beta diversities. Furthermore, we show that this effect does not depend on the cellular viability of\u00a0<em>L. lactis<\/em>\u00a0for strain CNCM I-5388. Indeed, in its postbiotic form (non-viable but with active GAD enzyme), we observe a similar effect to that of the strain in its probiotic form after 5 and 10 days of treatment. Finally, through analyses of rats\u2019 gastrointestinal contents and static or dynamic models that mimic the human gastric compartment, our results suggest that a stomach-like pH might be the major player in bacterial GAD activation and GABA production to exert antinociceptive properties\u00a0<em>in vivo<\/em>. Our conclusions indicate that GABA-producing\u00a0<em>L. lactis<\/em>\u00a0strains could be used therapeutically for the symptomatic treatment of disabling visceral pain in IBS and other pathologies.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>December 18th, 2023<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13860,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,75],"tags":[27],"class_list":["post-13859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-evenement","category-soutenance","tag-equipe-blade"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Soutenance de th\u00e8se Pedro GOMES | TBI, Toulouse Biotechnology Institute<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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